be動詞及一般動詞的「wh-」問句
(1) 有wh-疑問詞的問句,wh-都放第一位,比be動詞或助動詞當老大時還大(「嗎」問句時be動詞或助動詞一定放句首),所以我叫這些wh-疑問詞為「大哥大」。
(2)「大哥大」有六個,因為都有「何」的意思,故叫「六何」。what(何事/物)、where(何處)、why(為何)、when(何時)、who(何人)、how(如何)。(還有一個which(哪一個)用法也類似)
(3) 口訣:大哥大+小跟班+主詞(+動詞)。說明:肯定句改「嗎」問句時,把be動詞掉到句首即可。例如:You are a student.你是學生。→Are you a student?你是學生嗎?句中有一般動詞時,請助動詞幫忙,例如:You like him.你喜歡他。→Do you like him? 你喜歡他嗎?這時be動詞及助動詞好像大哥一樣,威風八面,但碰到了wh-的疑問詞,確只能尾隨其後了,所以我叫wh-的疑問詞為「大哥大」。
「六何」舉例 |
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疑問詞(大哥大) |
和be動詞一起用時 |
和助動詞及一般動詞一起用時 |
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what什麼事/東西 |
What are you doing? 你在做什麼? |
What do you do? 你做什麼行業的? |
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where 什麼地方 |
Where are you? 你在哪裡? |
Where do you live? 你住在哪裡? |
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when 什麼時候 |
When is your birthday? |
When do you want to go home? |
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why 為什麼 |
Why are you late? 你為何遲到? |
Why do you come early? 你為什麼早來了? |
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who什麼人 |
Who are you? 你是誰? |
Who do you live with? 你和誰住一起? |
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how 怎麼樣 |
How are you? |
How do you go to school? |
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Wh-疑問詞與be動詞合用時 |
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肯定句 |
「嗎」問句 |
「大哥大」問句 |
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現在式 |
You are happy. 你是高興的。 He is sleeping. 他正在睡覺。 |
Are you happy? 你高興嗎? Is he sleeping? 他正在睡覺嗎? |
Why are you happy? 你為什麼高興? Where is he sleeping? 他在哪邊睡覺? |
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過去式 |
She was sad yesterday. 她昨天很傷心。 You were tired. 你那時很累。 |
Was she sad yesterday? 她昨天傷心嗎? Were you tired? 你那時很累嗎?
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When was she sad? 她什麼時候傷心的? Why were you tired? 你那時為何很累? |
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未來式 |
I will be there. 我到時會去那裡的。 He will be with you. 他會和你在一起。 |
Will I be there? 我到時會去那裡嗎?。 Will he be with you? 他會和你在一起嗎? |
How will I be there? 我到時如何去那裡呢? When will he be with you? 他何時會和你在一起? |
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Wh-疑問詞與助動詞及一般動詞合用時
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肯定句 |
「嗎」問句 |
「大哥大」問句 |
現式式 |
You like her. 你喜歡她。 He likes her. 他喜歡她。 |
Do you like her? 你喜歡她嗎? Does he like her? 他喜歡她嗎? |
Why do you like her? 你為什麼喜歡她? How does he like her? 他喜歡她的程度如何? |
說明:助動詞(does)後面的一般動詞要變成原形動詞,不能再加s或es。 |
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過去式 |
You met him. 你遇見了他。 He killed the dog. 他把狗給殺了。 |
Did you meet him? 你有遇到他嗎? Did he kill the dog? 他把狗殺了嗎? |
Who did you meet? 你遇到誰了? When did he kill the dog? 他是什麼時候把狗殺 掉的? |
說明:助動詞後面的一般動詞都要從過去式變成原形動詞。 |
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未來式 |
I will beat you. 我會打敗你的。 He will hurt her. 他會傷害她的。 |
Will I beat you? 我會打敗你嗎?。 Will he hurt her? 他會傷害她嗎? |
How will I beat you? 我要怎樣才能打敗你呢? Who will he hurt? 他會傷害誰? |